Mining knowledge

How Bitcoin mining works

Follow one connected system: proof of work, computing power, a mining pool and the electricity that keeps it running.

3 min read · 7 sections

How to choose an ASIC miner

A useful shortlist starts with power, heat and support. Use a site-first checklist before comparing prices.

3 min read · 7 sections

Air, hydro and immersion cooling

Air, hydro and immersion move heat differently. Compare the whole installation, not the cooling label alone.

3 min read · 7 sections

Industry & history

Researching a mining location

Explore three source-backed research locations. Compare the questions to ask—not invented country rankings or electricity offers.

Industry & history

Milestones in mining

Explore five documented milestones in the protocol, cooling and energy research. A curated timeline, not an exhaustive industry history.

Read hashrate, watts and efficiency

Learn which numbers can be compared, convert the units, and build a specification sheet that describes the same operating mode.

Costs & electricity

Build a mining operating-cost worksheet

Work from wall power to daily energy, then include the costs that a machine-only calculation misses.

Choose a pool and understand payouts

Compare the supported network, payment method, payout threshold and account controls before moving hashrate.

2 min read · 6 sections

From delivery to the first accepted share

A practical handover sequence: identify the device, confirm the site, configure the worker and record a baseline.

Monitor miners and investigate low hashrate

Use a consistent observation log to separate dashboard variation, network problems and equipment faults.

Compare hosting proposals and self-operation

A practical comparison worksheet for included costs, equipment access, reporting, repairs and exit arrangements.

2 min read · 6 sections

Plan mining heat reuse around real demand

Start with the heat user, connect the circuits correctly, and plan what happens when heating is not needed.

2 min read · 6 sections

Difficulty, block rewards and halvings

Understand what changes your share of network production, and separate the block subsidy from transaction fees.

Algorithms, coins and merged mining

Choose the algorithm before comparing hashrate, then verify which networks and pool features the exact miner supports.

PPS, FPPS, PPS+ and PPLNS explained

Compare how work is credited, who carries block-luck variance, and when rewards actually reach a wallet.

Troubleshoot rejected shares and low pool hashrate

Align measurement windows, classify rejected work and test one change at a time.

Wallet setup and mining payout checks

Trace a reward from the pool ledger to the correct wallet without exposing recovery information.

Secure miner networks and remote access

Map who can configure devices, protect pool settings and keep a recoverable record of network changes.

Upgrade miner firmware with a recovery plan

Match the image to the controller, test a representative machine and verify production after the upgrade.

Inspect and accept a used ASIC miner

Connect the serial number, physical condition, operating logs and pool output in one acceptance record.

Costs & electricity

Build a mining revenue and break-even model

Use dated inputs, consistent units and multiple scenarios to understand cash flow before estimating payback.

Plan airflow, dust control and mining noise

Follow heat from the miner inlet to the outdoor exhaust, then assess noise without restricting cooling.

Hydro coolant quality and loop commissioning

Identify the right fluid specification for each circuit and keep sampling, flow and maintenance records together.

Select immersion fluid and verify compatibility

Evaluate the fluid, electronics, seals and servicing process as one system before converting equipment.

Explore the world mapCompare the conditions behind a location.

Bitcoin mining FAQ

Five foundational questions from Bitcoin.org: how mining works, why it uses energy, how it secures the network and what you need to begin.

5 min read · 5 sections

CHOOSE YOUR NEXT CHAPTER

See how it all connects.

PATH 01 · 3 GUIDES

Understand what makes a miner work.

Build a foundation in mining, equipment performance and electricity costs.

Follow the mining timelineTrace how the industry developed.

QUICK ANSWERS

Common questions.

Find an answer, then go deeper.

What is Bitcoin mining?

Read Bitcoin.org’s five answers about proof of work, network security, energy use and getting started, reproduced with attribution and its official translations.

Where should I start if I am new to mining?

Start with how mining works, then read the equipment parameters guide. Before choosing a model, establish your available power, cooling arrangement and operating location.

Can hashrates from different algorithms be compared?

No. Compare hashrate within the same algorithm and unit, then check power and operating mode. A SHA-256 TH/s value and a Scrypt GH/s value describe different work.

Does the electricity calculation include cooling?

Only if their power is part of the input or the service rate. List pumps, ventilation and shared equipment separately and check what a hosting quote includes.

Why does pool hashrate differ from the miner dashboard?

The measurements can use different averaging periods. Match the time windows, then inspect uptime and accepted or rejected work before assuming a device fault.

Does a pool balance mean my wallet has been paid?

No. Credited rewards, a completed payout and a wallet receipt are separate records. Check the payout threshold, schedule and receiving network.

Can a hydro miner run without a cooling system?

It needs a compatible circulation and heat-rejection system. Confirm the exact model’s liquid and operating requirements and complete the cooling checks before startup.

What should I compare in a hosting proposal?

Compare installation, auxiliary power, monitoring, repairs, downtime billing and equipment retrieval. Keep included services and extra charges in separate rows.

What happens to heat when heating is not needed?

Plan an alternative heat-rejection path or adjust the operating schedule. The proposal should address warm weather, changes in demand and maintenance as well as winter.